With the establishment of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania in Podillia in 1362, Kamianets-Podilskyi was chosen as its administrative center. Religion, as one of the strongest levers of influence on the people, had to meet the requirements of secular power. That is why the efforts of the new government were aimed at turning to Catholicism - the main religion of the Lithuanian principality.
Thanks to these events, Pope George XI founded the Podolsk Catholic Diocese in the city (1378), which demanded confirmation of its high status in the form of a wooden cathedral built on the money of the Koriatovych princes, which five years later received the status of a cathedral.
Despite the change of citizenship to Polish, and perhaps due to this event (Poland is also a Catholic country), the construction of the stone cathedral was allocated tithes (tenths of income) of thirty-two villages of Kamyanets, Vinnytsia and Skalsk elderships and their work peasant. After a fifteen-year period of construction (from 1502 to 1517), a stone fortress named after Saints Peter and Paul was unveiled.
During the XVI century the cathedral in the process of completion acquires finished features: the chapel of Holy Communion, the Immaculate Conception and the Consolation of the Virgin, a new altar.
Turkish rule over the Podolsk lands, which lasted twenty-seven years (until 1699), made its adjustments to the architectural ensemble - near the main entrance to the cathedral rose to the sky minaret, because the complex itself at that time served as the main cathedral mosque Kamyanets- Podolsky.
The return to the bosom of the Catholic Church (XVIII century) marked for the cathedral an era of prosperity, which took place under the sign of the transformation from Romanesque minimalism to Gothic splendor. And as a visualization of the superiority of Christianity over Islam on top of the minaret in 1756 was installed a sculpture of the Virgin.
After Podillya became part of the Russian Empire (1792), despite the country's predominant Orthodoxy, the fate of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul remained virtually unchanged - it remained the center of Catholicism in the Diocese of Kamyanets. In 1853-1860 large-scale restoration works were carried out here.
The era of prosperity ended with the Polish uprising of 1863, which resulted in repressive measures by the Russian government against the Catholic Church: the status of the Diocese of Kamenets was reduced to the apostolic administration.
The proclamation of independence in 1918 by Ukraine, led by Hetman Pavel Skoropadsky, briefly (two months) restored the cathedral's status as a cathedral under the Diocese of Kamyanets with the consent of the head of the Roman Catholics.
With the establishment of Soviet power in Podillya, the Church of Saints Peter and Paul was replaced by museum workers (1930). organ music.
Holiness reigned in the cathedral again with the return of the Catholic episcopate only in 1991 after the second proclamation of Ukraine's independence.
The original stone building of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Kamianets-Podilskyi (early 16th century) was built as a three-nave church in the Romanesque style with its characteristic weight of vaults and minimalism in the decoration of the exterior facades.
During the first century of its existence, the cathedral took the form of a completed complex: the chapel of Holy Communion was completed in the north, the Consolation of the Virgin and the Immaculate Conception in the south, and the presbytery in the east.
Reconstruction of the XVIII century gives the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul transformation in the Gothic style. The changes affected the exterior decoration of the buildings - the main facade was decorated with sculptures, pilasters and cornices, and the interior - a new main altar with wooden gilded columns decorated with sculptures, a pulpit and chairs of councilors, a bishop's throne, a confessional.
The last major reconstruction of the Catholic Cathedral (mid-19th century) in Kamianets-Podilskyi affected mainly its neo-Gothic appearance with Baroque features: the altar was renovated, stained glass windows were installed, stained glass walls and ceilings were decorated with frescoes, and the floor was marble. tiles, in the main hall there is an organ made to order in Vienna.
The current Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Kamianka is a building 24 m high, 49 m long and 36 m wide (including outbuildings), the main entrance to which opens the way to the main nave with a circular arch. The right (southern) side nave with the altar of the Holy Trinity is connected with the chapels of the Immaculate Conception and the Consolation of the Mother of God. Left (north) - with the altar of St. John leads to the chapel of Holy Communion and connects the church with the minaret, as well as access to the choirs.
Prominent figures of the Catholic Diocese of Podolia found their last earthly refuge in nine basements.
The Cathedral Church (XVI-XIX) is in itself a work of art, because the symbiosis of styles and time gave rise to a unique, incomparable architecture. In every element of the complex, even in such a small as the door, which is a unique creation of cold-finished steel with bronze coats of arms of the Pope and Kamyanets-Podilsky on the keys and swords of Peter and Paul, there is inspiration inspired by the artist.
The tombstone of Laura Przezdecka (1874) with a beautiful marble woman under a sheet of eternal sleep with a book on the twenty-first page (the time of death by falling during a horse ride) with an torch extinguished by an angel of life fascinates with the realism of the picture. The sculpture has been located in the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception since 1938, given its special artistic value.
The triumphal arch of Stanislaw August (1781) at the entrance to the courtyard of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul, decorated with sculptures of St. John and the four angels, was erected in honor of the last king of Poland during his visit to Podolia.
Turkish Minaret (1672) and Statue of the Virgin (1756) - a symbiosis of two beliefs that gave the world a masterpiece, where the top of the minaret thirty-six and a half meters high (145 degrees up) "… appeared in the sky a great sign: A woman dressed in the sun : under her feet the moon, and on her head a wreath of twelve stars. She was in the womb, and cried out from the pain and anguish of birth… "(" Revelation "of John the Theologian) with the signature at the foot of the" Immaculate Conception ".
The garden near the cathedral is a small corner of mourning, immersed in flowers, with stone crosses and a memorial pillar of Jerzy Volodyiovsky, who died during the explosion of the powder magazine of the Black Tower of Kamyanets-Podilsky Fortress and a side gate with an eternal inscription reminding "Respect ancestral customs ”. A monument to Pope John Paul II and the remains of tombstones in a Catholic cemetery destroyed by the Soviets have also been erected in the garden.
Thanks to these events, Pope George XI founded the Podolsk Catholic Diocese in the city (1378), which demanded confirmation of its high status in the form of a wooden cathedral built on the money of the Koriatovych princes, which five years later received the status of a cathedral.
Despite the change of citizenship to Polish, and perhaps due to this event (Poland is also a Catholic country), the construction of the stone cathedral was allocated tithes (tenths of income) of thirty-two villages of Kamyanets, Vinnytsia and Skalsk elderships and their work peasant. After a fifteen-year period of construction (from 1502 to 1517), a stone fortress named after Saints Peter and Paul was unveiled.
During the XVI century the cathedral in the process of completion acquires finished features: the chapel of Holy Communion, the Immaculate Conception and the Consolation of the Virgin, a new altar.
Turkish rule over the Podolsk lands, which lasted twenty-seven years (until 1699), made its adjustments to the architectural ensemble - near the main entrance to the cathedral rose to the sky minaret, because the complex itself at that time served as the main cathedral mosque Kamyanets- Podolsky.
The return to the bosom of the Catholic Church (XVIII century) marked for the cathedral an era of prosperity, which took place under the sign of the transformation from Romanesque minimalism to Gothic splendor. And as a visualization of the superiority of Christianity over Islam on top of the minaret in 1756 was installed a sculpture of the Virgin.
After Podillya became part of the Russian Empire (1792), despite the country's predominant Orthodoxy, the fate of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul remained virtually unchanged - it remained the center of Catholicism in the Diocese of Kamyanets. In 1853-1860 large-scale restoration works were carried out here.
The era of prosperity ended with the Polish uprising of 1863, which resulted in repressive measures by the Russian government against the Catholic Church: the status of the Diocese of Kamenets was reduced to the apostolic administration.
The proclamation of independence in 1918 by Ukraine, led by Hetman Pavel Skoropadsky, briefly (two months) restored the cathedral's status as a cathedral under the Diocese of Kamyanets with the consent of the head of the Roman Catholics.
With the establishment of Soviet power in Podillya, the Church of Saints Peter and Paul was replaced by museum workers (1930). organ music.
Holiness reigned in the cathedral again with the return of the Catholic episcopate only in 1991 after the second proclamation of Ukraine's independence.
The original stone building of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Kamianets-Podilskyi (early 16th century) was built as a three-nave church in the Romanesque style with its characteristic weight of vaults and minimalism in the decoration of the exterior facades.
During the first century of its existence, the cathedral took the form of a completed complex: the chapel of Holy Communion was completed in the north, the Consolation of the Virgin and the Immaculate Conception in the south, and the presbytery in the east.
Reconstruction of the XVIII century gives the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul transformation in the Gothic style. The changes affected the exterior decoration of the buildings - the main facade was decorated with sculptures, pilasters and cornices, and the interior - a new main altar with wooden gilded columns decorated with sculptures, a pulpit and chairs of councilors, a bishop's throne, a confessional.
The last major reconstruction of the Catholic Cathedral (mid-19th century) in Kamianets-Podilskyi affected mainly its neo-Gothic appearance with Baroque features: the altar was renovated, stained glass windows were installed, stained glass walls and ceilings were decorated with frescoes, and the floor was marble. tiles, in the main hall there is an organ made to order in Vienna.
The current Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul in Kamianka is a building 24 m high, 49 m long and 36 m wide (including outbuildings), the main entrance to which opens the way to the main nave with a circular arch. The right (southern) side nave with the altar of the Holy Trinity is connected with the chapels of the Immaculate Conception and the Consolation of the Mother of God. Left (north) - with the altar of St. John leads to the chapel of Holy Communion and connects the church with the minaret, as well as access to the choirs.
Prominent figures of the Catholic Diocese of Podolia found their last earthly refuge in nine basements.
The Cathedral Church (XVI-XIX) is in itself a work of art, because the symbiosis of styles and time gave rise to a unique, incomparable architecture. In every element of the complex, even in such a small as the door, which is a unique creation of cold-finished steel with bronze coats of arms of the Pope and Kamyanets-Podilsky on the keys and swords of Peter and Paul, there is inspiration inspired by the artist.
The tombstone of Laura Przezdecka (1874) with a beautiful marble woman under a sheet of eternal sleep with a book on the twenty-first page (the time of death by falling during a horse ride) with an torch extinguished by an angel of life fascinates with the realism of the picture. The sculpture has been located in the Chapel of the Immaculate Conception since 1938, given its special artistic value.
The triumphal arch of Stanislaw August (1781) at the entrance to the courtyard of the Cathedral of Saints Peter and Paul, decorated with sculptures of St. John and the four angels, was erected in honor of the last king of Poland during his visit to Podolia.
Turkish Minaret (1672) and Statue of the Virgin (1756) - a symbiosis of two beliefs that gave the world a masterpiece, where the top of the minaret thirty-six and a half meters high (145 degrees up) "… appeared in the sky a great sign: A woman dressed in the sun : under her feet the moon, and on her head a wreath of twelve stars. She was in the womb, and cried out from the pain and anguish of birth… "(" Revelation "of John the Theologian) with the signature at the foot of the" Immaculate Conception ".
The garden near the cathedral is a small corner of mourning, immersed in flowers, with stone crosses and a memorial pillar of Jerzy Volodyiovsky, who died during the explosion of the powder magazine of the Black Tower of Kamyanets-Podilsky Fortress and a side gate with an eternal inscription reminding "Respect ancestral customs ”. A monument to Pope John Paul II and the remains of tombstones in a Catholic cemetery destroyed by the Soviets have also been erected in the garden.
Translated automatically from Ukrainian. View original
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