Fortress Asandra (Kutlak)

Ruins of an ancient fortress
Crimea, Sudak
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GPS: 44.8232, 34.8814

Fortress Asandra (Kutlak)

Ruins of an ancient fortress
Crimea, Sudak
At about the 10th km of the Sudak-Alushta highway near the village of Veseloe, the ruins of an ancient fortress have been preserved. The ruins are located above a seventy-meter cliff on the western spurs of Mountain Karaul-Oba. The time of its existence is approximately the second half of the 1st century BC. BC e. - beginning of the 1st c. n. e. The area is about 2.5 thousand square meters. m.
The fortress has a rectangular configuration with four towers and one bastion at the corners. In front of the gentle northern and eastern slopes, the thickness of the walls reached three meters, and on the south side, over a steep coastal cliff, it was only 60 centimeters. The height of the walls with the parapet varied from four to six meters. Inside the walls, the territory was densely built up. The fortress was discovered in 1982 by archaeologist I. A. Baranov. In the course of many years of research, scientists came to the conclusion that it belonged to the Bosporus. Since the Sudak region is located at a considerable distance to the west of the alleged borders of the Bosporan kingdom, the question arose of revising ideas regarding the size of its territorial possessions. The fortress of ancient times has been excellently preserved, and it is impossible to overestimate its importance in the study of ancient military engineering. They built a fortress in order to combat maritime piracy of the surrounding barbarians. There was a military garrison of up to a hundred people. Served in the fortress, probably Bosporan mercenaries, who were hired from the barbarian population of Feodosia or barbarians of non-Crimean origin. Supplies came from Feodosia by sea. The construction of the fortress may be associated with the construction activities of the Bosporan king Asander (circa 47-17 BC). The time of the termination of life in it coincides with the reign of Aspurga in the Bosporus (about 8–37/38) and, possibly, was associated with the intensification of the confrontation between the Bosporus and Theodosia, which was close to the fortress and maintained close ties with it. The garrison was withdrawn, all valuables were taken out, the fortress was destroyed. They abandoned only stucco and large pottery vessels, simple kitchen and table utensils, as well as elegant red-lacquer ceramics broken in the turmoil of collections.
This is the only well-preserved monument of ancient architecture in the South-Eastern Crimea. Perhaps it was here that the ancient port of Atheneon was located.

Source: Timirgazin A.D. "Sudak. Travels to historical places."

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