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Middle Rhine Valley

23 April 2010 • Travel time: with 01 October 2006 on 02 October 2006
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The Rhine Valley is an attraction for tourists, not only because of the castles, fortresses, churches, monasteries, historic towns and villages, but also because of the landscape and wonderful scenery.

The Rhine is both the most important inland waterway and the most beautiful river in Europe in terms of its landscape. Its length is 1320 km, the river basin is 252000 sq. km. It originates in the Alps (Swiss canton of Graubü nden) and flows into the North Sea (Netherlands) as a vast delta. Particularly attractive is the section of the Rhine between Mainz and Cologne (Middle Rhine) with its paintings, settlements and romantic mountains.

The Middle Rhine Valley is one of the most beautiful European areas of tourism, winemaking and romance. The majestic river, framed by dozens of castles and medieval towns, winds its way through one of the best natural landscapes in Europe.


Traveling in search of nature's masterpieces, artists and poets discovered the romance of the Rhine more than 200 years ago.

Cologne Central city of the Rhineland, university, archbishop's residence; an economic center with diversified international fairs, a center of culture and art. At 50 received from the Romans the rights of the city and the name "Column Agrippinensis". In the Middle Ages, the most significant city in Germany, later a Hanseatic city. The monument is world-famous: the House (cathedral), founded in 1248, finally completed in 1880; majestic gothic building on this side of the Alps (South tower 157 m, magnificent stained glass windows, many treasures of art, among them the Casket of the Three Kings). Monuments of art: Romanesque churches and secular buildings such as the Rathaus and Gü rzenich. Museums: Roman-Germanic (Mosaic of Dionysius), architecturally original building of the Ludwig Museum (modern art) and the Wallraf-Richartz-Museum (a work of painting by the Rhineland). Famous for the Cologne carnival, kneips (tavern) and "Kö lnischwasser" (cologne).

Palace in Brü hl

In 1984, the Brü hl Palaces were included in the UNESCO list as one of the best examples of German Rococo architecture.

Bonn From 1949 to 1990 - the capital of the state, after the government moves to Berlin, some departments will retain their residences in Bonn. One of the first Roman fortifications on the Rhine, in the 16th century. the capital of Kurkö lns, in the 18th century. residence (baroque) of the Wittelsbachers. In 1989 - 2000 years; the late Romanesque Munsters, the seat of the Electors (now a university) with the Hofgarten, the Poppelsdorf castle with a botanical garden, the birthplace of Ludwig van Beethoven, the government quarter on the banks of the Rhine with the "Langen Oygen" (house of deputies); old town with picturesque Marktplatz and Rathaus (baroque). Museums: Art Museum, Rhine Regional Museum.

Godesburg Castle in Bonn

Godesburg Castle The castle is located on the Godesberg mountain in Bonn and was founded on 15.10. 1210 Archbishop Dietrich I of Cologne.

Bonn-Bad Godesberg


Bonn-Bad Godesberg Mineral water resort with lovely park facilities.

Rolandswerth Like Melem, located at the foot of Mount Rodderberg, is the remains of a volcano formed during the Ice Age.

Insel Nonnenwerth Benedictine monastery (1122), now a pension for Franciscan maidens

Rolandsbogen

Rolandsek with Rolandsbogen (river bend) and the remains of the Rolandsek fortress. The legend tells about the knight Roland, the knight of Charlemagne, who looked here with longing from the window of the former fortress to the island of Nonnenwerth, where the lady of his broken heart, who had retired from the world, lived in a monastery. A beautiful view of the Siebengebirge (7 mountains) opens up.

Oberwinter Winter harbour, beautiful old half-timbered houses.

Appounariskirche The famous pilgrimage church with four towers (1839-1843) located on a small hill.

Remagen of Roman origin (Kastel) entrance gate to the romantic Ars valley (Resort Neuenahr with its gambling house, Altenahr, etc.

cultivation of red grapes).

Sinzig Famous late Romanesque churches, carbonated thermal springs, Celtic-Roman settlement (762). In the Frankish and Staufer times, the imperial palace, in the 14th century. city.

Bad Bresig Thermal springs, chairlift to the Reynack fortress (built in 1832 on the site of the old Pfalzgrafen fortress at the mouth of the Winkstbach).

Brol Brolec Castle. Starting point for the excursion to the Brohl Valley and to the Laachersee (lake) with the ancient Maria Laach Abbey. Lookout tower on the lake.

Insel Namedy of 1903 a mineral well was drilled here at a depth of 343 m. In the village there is a fortress (collection of works of painting on glass).

Andernach Founded by the Romans. The "Runde turm" (Round tower 56 m high, wall thickness 4 m), an old stone wall (city fortification), an old river crane (1554), a late Romanesque church are noteworthy. Picturesque urban landscape.

Starting point for the excursion to Lake Laacher.

Weissenthurm Pumice production. The bridge over the Rhine leads to Neuwied.


Urmitz Julius Caesar crossed here in 55 BC. e. Rhine for the first time.

Koblenz is the main city of the administrative district of Koblenz at the confluence of the Moselle with the Rhine (Deutsches Eck). The medieval core (Roman city) is still visible in the old city. Gothic churches, among them St. Kastar (836 - 12th century), the medieval Moselle bridge (14th century), the Jesuit church and the Collegium (now the Rathaus) from the 17th century. , castle (18th century), theater, museums. Founded by the Romans, from the time of the Merovingians the royal court, from 1018 on Trier. The prosperous city was often chosen by the archbishops for their residences. Since 1815 a Prussian city. 1822-1845 the central city of the province. Favorite place to walk: Rittersturz

Surrounded by the four mountains of the Eifel, Gunsrü ck, Taunus and Western Forest, Koblenz lies at the confluence of the Rhine and Moselle and has a history of more than 2.000 years.

Walking through the old part of the city, you can come across numerous testimonies of the past, such as the Prince's Castle or the home of the Teutonic Knights. In addition to historical monuments, cultural institutions and numerous museums, Koblenz also offers beer gardens, café s and a splendid wine village by the Rhine bridge.

Koblenz. Monument to Kaiser Wilhelm I on horseback

The most stunning place in Koblenz is the famous "German Corner" - a peninsula where two rivers - the Rhine and the Moselle - join. Here stands a 37-meter monument to Kaiser Wilhelm I on horseback. From the observation deck on this monument, both the corner and the confluence of the Moselle with the Rhine are visible.

From Koblenz to the capital of Rhine tourism - the city of Rü desheim is less than 100 kilometers. But between these cities - 40 castles. They have been built since the 10th century, and the castles were something like medieval customs houses. The owners of castles - bishops, counts, princes - charged

tribute from those wishing to pass on the Rhine. For those who didn't want to pay, security dropped dramatically.


Some castles were guards - for example, they guarded lead and silver mines.

Stolzenfels Castle It was founded above the settlement of Stolzenfels (80 m above the Rhine). Built in the 13th century. , in 1689 destroyed by the French, in 1836-1842. restored by Schinkel for the Prussian king Friedrich Wilhelm IV.

Rhens Late Gothic half-timbered houses. Among them are the former Deutschherrenhaus, Rathaus, the royal throne (completed in 1398), on which German kings were presented to the people in the Middle Ages. Gates and towers of city fortifications, mineral springs.

Boppard - a city founded by the Romans (border fortress), later a Frankish royal court, until 1312 an imperial city. Picturesque, founded at the intersection of 6 side valleys. On the level of the Rhine, below the city, four-lake view, Kneipp healing baths, cable car to Gedeonsack.

Further attractions: Soveruskirche near Markt (late Romanesque church), Karmepitenkirche (Gothic), courtier fortress (14th century), monastery (founded in 1125).

Bad Salzig Radioactive sources, cherry dog ​ ​ and orchards. Due to the strong current of the Rhine, tugs are divided here and stored

Hirzenach Probsteikirche (church) - 13th c.

Fortress Rheinfels

Fortress Rheinfels Erected in 1250 as a customs house on the Rhine by Count Dietrich von Katzenelbogen, 115 m above the Rhine. The fortress was destroyed in 1797 by the French. Monument of Celtic origin.

The city of St. Goar, located opposite the cliff covered with legends of Lorelei, was founded in 570 by St. Goar, the patron saint of innkeepers and potters. Lively area, center, viticulture. It belongs to the most beautiful cities in the Lorelei Valley. The city rises above the castle Rhine Cliff, the largest castle ruins on the Rhine with vast labyrinths of underground passages.

Remains of the city fortification, viticulture and trade, summer holidays. Outside the city is the Schö nburg fortress (about 1000 years old).


The wine road Almost from Bonn, the famous German wine road begins. It begins in the region of the Semigorye mountain range, or in other words, the "Rain Mountains". Green mountains with ancient castles hang over the Rhine. Better than these species can only be those that replace them further along the road along the river.

The river valley is geographically predisposed to the production of Riesling wine: the river water heats up during the day, and at night the heat evaporates to the nearby slopes where the vineyards grow. It turns out a natural greenhouse effect, useful for wines. In Germany, there is a law against adding sugar to wine, so even the most inexpensive Rhine and Moselle wines are of very high quality.

Bacharach Old (over 1000 years old), charmingly located city.

The city fortification has 16 towers; half-timbered houses, viticulture school. Above the city are the ruins of Wernerkapelle (Gothic). Even higher, the Stahleck fortress, destroyed in 1689, opens up to the eye. French, now Jugendburg.

Sooneck Castle A fortress erected in 1010, in the 13th century. the infamous den of robber knights, destroyed in 1282 by Rudolf von Habsburg. Restored many times (by Friedrich Wilhelm IV. Wilhelm I).

Reichenstein Castle Fortress built near Trechtingshaus. More than 1000 years, in 1282. destroyed by Rudolf von Habsburg as a robber fortress. Attractions: fortress museum and art treasures. The fortress is located at the end of the Morgenbach valley, where the Clemenskapelle (12th century) is also located. Easy to reach on foot.

Rheinstein Castle was given to the old customs house by Prince Friedrich of Prussia in 1825-1829. today's look.

Das Binger Loch Skippers feared this place because of its dangerous rocky cliffs. In the 19th century


also called "Golden Mainz". Roman name: Mogontiacum (probably of Celtic origin); in the 13th century d. n. e. Roman military camp, 3rd c. the Roman municipality (urban community) and the capital of the province, during the great migration of peoples, was mostly destroyed. In 747 the residence of Bonifatius, from 782 the residence of the archbishop, from the 13th century. (rule of the great electors) the center of the empire. This city has made a huge contribution to the development of world culture. Here, in 1448, John Gutenberg invented a method of printing with movable letters that could be used indefinitely. This greatly simplified the laborious process. As usual, the inventor himself did not cash in on his offspring and needed funds until the end of his days. At present, the people of Mainz are proud of such a compatriot. The university is named after him. The Museum of Book Printing is open in the city, where you can see many rare publications.

Museums: Romano-Germanic Museum, Gutenberg Museum.

Attractions: Kaiserdom. one of the 3 largest royal cathedrals on the Rhine, Romanesque, two-kliros basilica, remains of early Romanesque construction, consecrated in 1036 Baroque aristocratic manors, Renaissance fountains, churches, Electors' castle (1627-1678 and 1687-1752), former Deutschordenskommende (now the building of the Landtag. Mainz Carnival.

Schwarzrheindof Romanesque double church, consecrated in 1151. In the north of Schwarzreindorf, where the Sieg flows into the Rhine and Mondorf.

Koenigswinter

Kö nigswinter The city at the foot of the Siebengebirge is often visited by tourists. Classical parish church, Classicist and Baroque buildings, Siebengebirgs Museum, viticulture, cog railway to Drachenfels.

Das Siebengbirge A unique group of mountains of volcanic origin, part of the Rhine Slate Mountains.

The mountains are named after particularly prominent peaks: Drachenfels (the name comes from the time of the legend of Siegfried, 321 m, the ruins of the fortress in 1147), Groser Olberg (461 m), the highest mountain of the Siebengebirge, Petersberg (331 m), bus service, Lö wenburg ( 455 m), Volkenburg (324 m), Lö rberg (435 m), Nonnenstromberg (335 m). Surroundings of the Siebengebirge: the ruins of the monastery of Heisterbach (Caesarius von Heisterbach), a former Cistercian abbey in Oberdollendorf; from the church (1202-37) only the kliros and the kliros gallery were preserved.

Bad Honnef Spa (mineral healing waters) with a mild climate, a place for recreation and conferences. Part of the city of Rö ndorf: Adenauerhaus and memorial. A bridge leads from Bad Honnef to the island of Grafenwerth with a beautiful park, sports and treatment pools, tennis courts and a rowing canal. Hohenhonnef, center for the treatment of pulmonary diseases, sanatorium with a park.

Rheinbreitbach - the upper castle was the residence of the writer Rudolf Herzog.


Unkel Half-timbered houses, Freiligrathaus, viticulture (Unkeler Funkeper), a favorite place for walking.

Erpeler Ley Located in the picturesque area of ​ ​ Erpel (viticulture), 153 m above the Rhine, basalt cliff. The Rhine bridge, destroyed in 1945, led to it, along which American troops were able to continue their offensive. The bridge led to the opposite bank in Bad Kripp.

Linz Bustling vine-growing town, with half-timbered houses, city gates and remains of a stone wall, loading dock for basalt stone mined in the Westerwald. Surrounded by the mountains Oakenfels and Duttenberg.

Leubsdorf Castle (4 towers), former royal court, cultivation of red grapes.

Bad-Honningen Thermal springs (rheumatic, cardiovascular diseases, circulatory disorders), thermal outdoor and indoor swimming pools. Ahrenfels Castle (13th century), in 1849-55 rebuilt in the Neo-Gothic style by the architect Zwirner.

Rheinbrohl Connects on high ground with the famous "Limes", the Roman "West Val". Bad Arienheler (carbonated springs)

Hammerstein The ruins of the fortress Hammerstein (1105 the seat of Heinrich IV) are located on a mighty cliff.

Leutesdorf Pilgrimage church Heilig-Kreuz (St. Crucifixion), grape and apricot cultivation.

Neuwied District center. In 1648, a castle was founded here by Count von Wied; in 1653 the settlement that arose around received city rights and quickly became prosperous. The Vid rulers' castle was built in the 18th century. It has a garden 2 km long, interesting species of overseas trees. The birthplace of the poetess Carmen Sylvia von Wied. Produced: pumice, wood, metal. Regional Museum. It is located in the Neuwieder basin, the eastern part of the Middle Rhine basin, formerly the Binnesee. Thick deposits of pumice tuff. In part of the village of Engers, there is the castle of the Electors von Trier (since 1928 a hospital).

Bendorf Production of gravel, sand, clay, ceramics.

Part of the village of Zayn is an air resort. Here is the castle of the princes von Sein-Wittgenstein.

Ehrenbreitstein


Ehrenbreitstein The right side of the Rhine suburb of Koblenz, opposite the mouth of the Moselle with the old Ehrenbreitstein fortification removed in 1919 (now a museum, state archive, tourist base). During the war, the hiding place of St. Rox of Trier. A cable car leads to the fortification. Worthy of attention are the old Baroque buildings. The goal of numerous pilgrimages Arenberg. with Rother Khan Monastery.

Lahnstein Niederlahnstein. Johanneskirche (Romanesque church), on Mount Allerheili-gen, a memorial to fallen soldiers.

Oberlahnstein The bridge leads to Oberlahnstein. Old Kurmainz town. Attractions: towers and city stone walls, especially interesting is the Tower of the Witches - or Torture Tower at Markt, Martinsburg. Lanek Fortress, (13th century), pentagonal tower. Amazing view.

Braubach Charming old town.

Attractions: St. Barbarakirche (church, around 1300).

Fortress Marksburg Rhine Fortress (150 m above the Rhine).

Marksburg, one of the few completely preserved castles, has its own legend. In the 12th century, a young man wooed the daughter of the owner of the castle, Mr. Epstein. Then he went to war, and the girl was waiting for him. A few years later, a knight in black armor, strong and handsome, similar to her fiancé , came to the girl and began to court her. Soon the engagement took place. But the girl doubted. She shared her doubts with the monk Mark, who served in the castle chapel. The monk, just before the engagement, approached the knight, touched him with a cross, and the knight fell into the underworld. Turned out to be the prince of darkness. So the monk saved the soul of the girl.

The castle has a museum with the interiors of medieval noble dwellings. And not just dwellings. In the courtyard there are artillery platforms, where original cannons of the 16.17, 18th centuries stand.

True, this castle was never stormed, so they only saluted from the cannons.

One of the most interesting places of the castle is the wine cellar with huge wooden barrels connected by pumps for pumping wine. In the Middle Ages, people drank 3-5 liters of wine a day. Above the cellar is a kitchen with all the utensils and a fireplace in which a whole bull was roasted. By the way, the fireplace still works now, when medieval holidays are held in the castle, it is melted for cooking.


Next comes the bedroom with a small “sitting” bed (in the Middle Ages, after all, they didn’t sleep lying down, because of the fear of dying in their sleep: it was unsuitable for a living person to take the position of a dead man).

Then - a dining room, interesting for its device. In the center of the room there is a huge wooden table, the most honorable place behind it is the owner, and behind it is an uncovered toilet.

Two more halls are interesting - weapons and torture. The torture chamber, however, leaves the most unpleasant sensations.

Bornhofen Monastery In the Marienkirche of the Bornhofen Monastery, a mercy painting "Pieta" (1289) is the target of pilgrimage ships.

Die Feindlichen Bruder Ruins of two fortresses (Sterrenberg and Liebenstein). Erected as imperial fortresses in the 11th and 13th centuries. The fortresses are separated from each other by a "wall of discord". The legend tells about the brothers who killed each other in the Bornhofen church.

Filsen is a lovely little community located on the right bank of the Rhine opposite the town of Boppard. This position makes it possible to grow almost all varieties of fruit. Anyone who visits Filsen once during the cherry blossom season will never forget it. The name Filsen probably comes from the word rock. This rock is still seen today and can be walked around. The hiking trail is a hiking trail in the Rhine Valley that starts at the port and ends at Kamp-Bornhofen.

Fortress Maus Fortress Turnberg. Counts von Katzenelbogen (Burg Kasch) ironically named "Maus" (mouse).

St. Goarshausen

. Goarshausen Since 1324 city rights. Partially preserved city fortifications.

Fortress "Cat" Built in 1393, destroyed in 1804 Rebuilt in 1898

Lorelai A steep cliff above the Rhine (132 m) sung by legends. The Rhine here is only 90 m wide. At low water levels in the Rhine, you can see the dangerous reefs of the "Sieben Jungfrauen" (7 virgins). According to one of the legends, 7 virgins were turned into rocks because of their hardness of heart. At the foot of the Lorelai rock, you can hear a sevenfold echo.

Lorelai. View


And another legend is about Lorelai. She was wonderful. She combed her golden hair on the rock and sang in such a way that the sailors forgot about their work, which is why the ships crashed on the rapids and sank in the abyss under the rock. Mount Lorelai stands at one of the narrowest places and one of the most rugged. Shipwrecks did happen here quite often.

Now, near Mount Lorelai, it is quiet and incredibly beautiful.

And Lorelai herself is just a dark graceful statue, touching which soon promises a beautiful love story.

Kaub The city with its stone walls and towers is very picturesque. On the crossing of the Rhine on New Year's Eve 1813-1814. reminiscent of Blucherdenkmal. Above the city is the Gutenfels fortress (13th century).

Die Pfalz (Island on the Rhine) Former Electoral Palatinate border fortress Pfalzgrafenstein (14th century).

Lorch The confluence of the Visper with the Rhine (the Visper valley leads to the Taunus). Sights: St. Martinskirche (Gothic), Hilchenhaus (Renaissance). The ruins of the Nollig fortress rise.

Assmannshausen Famous tourist center with mineral springs (radioactive, carbonated). Especially famous for its excellent red wine. The cable car and hiking trail lead to the Jagdtschlos (hunting castle). Viewpoint Rossel (344 m) and Niederwald-Denk-mal.

Originally a Roman settlement. In the 13th century to Nassau. In 1744, the capital of a part of the Principality of Nassau was Usingen. Baroque Biebrich Castle (1698-1721), former castle of the Dukes of Nassau (1837-1843). Landtag, sanatorium (1905-1907) with a colonnade, 27 thermal springs, state theater (internship, May festive performances), Neroberg with a Greek chapel.

Translated automatically from Russian. View original
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Лореляй - вид со скалы
Ремаген - костел
Кобленц. Памятник кайзеру Вильгельму I на коне
Роландсек
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