The Archaeological Museum of Corfu, built between 1962 and 1965, was originally built to house sculptures from the Temple of Artemis, one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. In 1994, several halls were added to it, and now it also displays exhibits discovered during recent excavations in the city of Corfu.

The Temple of Artemis at Ephesus was built in honor of Diana, the Greek goddess of hunting, nature and abundance. Philo of Byzantium wrote: “I saw the walls and hanging gardens of ancient Babylon, the statue of the Olympian Zeus, the Colossus of Rhodes, the high pyramids and the tomb of Mausoleum. But when I saw the Temple of Artemis, which rises to the clouds, I realized that all other wonders faded in its shadow. Although the temple itself is long gone, some of its relics can be seen here at the Corfu Archaeological Museum.
Other important exhibits include the imposing sculpture of the archaic period, the Lion of Menekrates, dating from the end of the 7th century BC, as well as the base and parts of the body of a late archaic statue of an upright girl in long robes, found during excavations of a pottery workshop in the area of ​​Figareto, and archaeological finds, found in various parts of Corfu.